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|download = |webservice = |sql = |sparql = |webapp = WebCSD |standalone = |license = |versioning = |frequency = |curation = |bookmark = |version = }} The Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) is both a repository and a validated and curated resource for the three-dimensional structural data of molecules generally containing at least carbon and hydrogen, comprising a wide range of organic, metal-organic and organometallic molecules. The specific entries are complementary to the other crystallographic databases such as the PDB, ICSD and PDF. The data, typically obtained by X-ray crystallography and less frequently by neutron diffraction, and submitted by crystallographers and chemists from around the world, are freely accessible (as deposited by authors) on the Internet via the CSD's parent organization's website (CCDC,Repository〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/Community/Requestastructure/Pages/DataRequest.aspx )〕). The CSD is overseen by the not-for-profit incorporated company called the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre, CCDC. The CSD is widely recognized as the world’s repository for small-molecule organic and metal-organic crystal structures, and has become an essential resource to scientists around the world. Structures deposited with CCDC are made publicly available for download at the point of publication or at consent from the depositor. They are also scientifically enriched and included in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) which underpins a range of software solutions offered by CCDC. Targeted subsets of the CSD are also freely available to support teaching and other activities.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/ )〕 ==History== The CCDC grew out of the activities of the crystallography group led by Dr Olga Kennard OBE FRS in the Department of Organic, Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry of the University of Cambridge. From 1965, the group began to collect published bibliographic, chemical and crystal structure data for all small molecules studied by X-ray or neutron diffraction. With the rapid developments in computing taking place at this time, this collection was encoded in electronic form and became known as the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD). The CSD was one of the first numerical scientific databases to begin operations anywhere in the world, and received academic grants from the UK Office for Scientific and Technical Information and then from the UK Science and Engineering Research Council. These funds, together with subventions from National Affiliated Centres, enabled the development of the CSD and its associated software during the 1970s and 1980s. The first releases of the CSD System to the USA, Italy and Japan occurred in the early 1970s. By the early 1980s the CSD System was being distributed in more than 30 countries worldwide. As of 2014, the CSD System is now distributed to academics in 70 countries worldwide. During the 1980s, interest in the CSD System from pharmaceutical and agrochemicals companies increased significantly. This led to the establishment of the CCDC as an independent company in 1987, with the legal status of a non-profit charitable institution, and with its operations overseen by an international Board of Governors. The CCDC moved into purpose-built premises on the site of the University Department of Chemistry in 1992. Dr Kennard retired as Director in 1997 and was succeeded by Dr David Hartley (1997-2002) and Dr Frank Allen (2002-2008). Dr Colin Groom was appointed as Executive Director from 1 October 2008. CCDC software products have now diversified to make maximum use of crystallographic data in applications in the life sciences and crystallography. Much of this software development and marketing is now carried out by CCDC Software Limited (founded in 1998), a wholly owned subsidiary which covenants all of its profits back to the CCDC. Although the CCDC is now a self-administering organization, it retains close links with the University of Cambridge, and is a University Partner Institution that is qualified to train postgraduate students for higher degrees (PhD, MPhil). The CCDC established US applications and support operations in the USA in October 2013 at Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, where it is co-located with the RCSB Protein Data Bank 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cambridge Structural Database」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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